Supercomputing giant Bull has teamed with fabless data processing unit developer Kalray to create Ultra Ethernet-based interconnect technologies for AI infrastructure.

The former Atos-owned brand will work with Kalray on open networking efforts designed to support “very large-scale” infrastructures for both AI and high-performance computing (HPC).

A statement announcing the partnership said the efforts will “accelerate the evolution” of Bull’s BXI networking tech. Version three is already in development and marks the first time the French firm will use Ethernet, replacing the prior generation’s proprietary link protocol. It also promises improved graphics processing unit (GPU) utilization and advanced congestion management.

A paper published on European-centric interconnect project NET4EXA suggests Bull’s next-generation interconnect offering is expected to scale to eight million endpoints, compared to just 64,000 (64K) nodes for BXIv2. Bringing in Kalray aims to help reach that goal, providing the high-throughput, low-latency required for sizable AI deployments.

France-based Kalray specializes in hardware capable of handling massive data flows. Per the partnership, it will provide Bull a license to its software and hardware, with its Networking Engine subsystem integrated into a joint commercially available solution set to be available in 2028.

“The development of new interconnect solutions represents a strategic milestone in meeting the needs of future generations of supercomputers and AI infrastructures,” Bull CEO Emmanuel Le Roux explained. “The collaboration we’ve signed with Kalray enables us to develop advanced technologies – particularly for the cloud and AI – and to build high-performance solutions.”

Bull was one of the founding members of the Ultra Ethernet Consortium (UEC), a group that is rallying around the open protocol to reduce vendor lock-in and adding improvements like a modern remote direct memory access (RDMA) approach to provide low-latency transport for high-throughput environments. Bull joined the likes of AMD, Broadcom, and Cisco in backing the project, which has since published its first standard and added new members including NTT.

The French pair want Ultra Ethernet to power advanced networking capabilities for AI, but are also treating their efforts as a sovereignty play.

“In a sector largely dominated by non-European technologies, we are particularly proud to offer a European alternative by producing a chip that incorporates the most advanced technological innovations available today,” Le Roux added.

Bull was acquired by the French state from Atos in a deal worth around $455 million, a deal that a show of technology strength for the continent. Bull operates the only supercomputer manufacturing plant in Europe, while its BullSequana HPC systems form the backbone of some of the world’s most powerful supercomputers, including the continent’s only exascale system, Jupiter Booster.