A pattern is starting to emerge in European markets that are trying to find the right balance between making use of Chinese expertise in 5G technology while also acknowledging the growing international concern over possible cybersecurity threats.

Less than a week after the United Kingdom reportedly decided that Huawei telecommunications equipment should not be entirely banned from that country’s 5G networks but should certainly be excluded from core parts, Dutch carrier KPN announced that it would partner with Huawei on the modernization of its mobile network in preparation for 5G — but again, only for the radio access network and antennas.

KPN said it would eventually select another “western supplier” for the mobile core, which is regarded as the most sensitive part of future 5G networks in terms of potential cyber security threats. KPN pointed out that it has always adopted a multi-vendor approach to its fixed and mobile networks, noting that it recently chose Nokia for its fixed network.

By choosing Huawei only for the radio access parts of its future 5G network, the Dutch carrier has also clearly been influenced by the increasingly hostile attitude toward China-based vendors. KPN conceded that it has taken into account “the changing insights with regard to the protection of vital infrastructure and the possible influence of this on future Dutch policy,” and has decided to further tighten its security policy for fixed and mobile network providers.

Like the U.K. and Germany, KPN appears to be aligning itself with the European Commission’s approach, which is to recommend a set of actions that all member states should use to assess the cybersecurity risks of 5G networks while stopping short of an outright ban on any supplier. However, the Dutch government has yet to make a decision on whether or not to restrict Huawei’s 5G role. That’s why KPN’s agreement with Huawei is “provisional,” allowing the carrier to adjust or reverse the arrangement if required, “to bring it into line with future Dutch government policy”.

Other European carriers have been similarly unwilling to ban Huawei outright. For example, Deutsche Telekom is said to have warned that the roll out of 5G technology in Europe could be delayed by at least two years if wireless service providers are forced to remove the China-based vendor from their lists of 5G equipment suppliers.

The increasingly high-profile attacks on Huawei by politicians and others are certainly helping to raise the vendor’s international profile, although evidently not always in a positive way. This is illustrated by Huawei’s elevation from relatively obscure technology vendor, known mainly to those in the telecommunications industry, to a headline-setting newsmaker.

Indeed, the leaking of last week’s decision by the U.K.’s National Security Council (NSC), chaired by Prime Minister Theresa May, that Huawei will be allowed to contribute non-core parts of 5G caused a considerable amount of outrage, although much of the ire was directed at those who leaked such sensitive information rather than at the decision itself.

Robert Strayer, a deputy assistant secretary at the U.S. Department of State, has now reportedly said that western countries that adopt Huawei technology for 5G networks risk affecting intelligence cooperation with the United States. According to the Guardian newspaper, Strayer said on Monday that Huawei “was not a trusted vendor” and any use of its technology in 5G networks was a risk.