5G Americas has released a white paper titled Post Quantum Computing Security, which discusses the telecommunications sector's need to address quantum computing challenges impacting current wireless network security. It details how new quantum technologies could undermine existing cryptographic standards and outlines necessary actions to achieve quantum-resistant security.

As quantum computing progresses, a cryptographically relevant quantum computer (CRQC) could potentially breach traditional public key cryptography, a foundational element of internet and mobile network security. The document warns about “harvest now, decrypt later” scenarios, where intercepted encrypted data could be stored for future decryption using advanced quantum techniques.

“Quantum computing represents both a transformative opportunity and a significant challenge for telecommunications security,” said Viet Nguyen, President of 5G Americas. “By using hybrid approaches and adopting cryptographic agility, we can secure our networks against emerging quantum threats. The proactive work of standards bodies like the IETF and 3GPP ensures the industry remains prepared for this evolution.”

The paper emphasizes the urgency of gearing up for quantum threats now and lists key recommendations including:

  • Creating cryptographic inventories and assessing vulnerabilities.
  • Engaging with vendors to align quantum security migration strategies.
  • Collaborating with industry task forces like GSMA’s Post-Quantum Telco Network Taskforce for best practices and policy guidance.

The importance of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is highlighted as a mechanism to combat potential quantum threats. Standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2024, PQC algorithms are designed to withstand attacks from both classical and quantum machines. A combined migration strategy utilizing traditional cryptography alongside quantum-resistant methods will be necessary to enhance security efforts.

However, transitioning to quantum-resilient networks comes with challenges, as PQC algorithms typically require larger key sizes and enhanced computational power, necessitating significant upgrades to current systems. Thorough performance testing will be crucial to resolve interoperability and efficiency issues, thus ensuring a smooth integration process.

“The rise of quantum computing presents a transformative challenge to the security of wireless networks,” stated Taylor Hartley, Working Group Leader of the paper and Solutions Security Manager at Ericsson. “The proactive adoption of post-quantum cryptography is not just an opportunity but an imperative for the telecommunications industry. Our white paper aims to guide stakeholders in understanding and addressing these critical threats.”

Martin McGrath, Working Group Leader of the paper and Principal Standardization Lead at Nokia, noted, “The migration to post-quantum cryptography is a monumental task that requires collaboration across the entire telecommunications ecosystem. From engaging supply chains to addressing performance and interoperability challenges, every stakeholder has a role to play in safeguarding the future of mobile communications.”

Readers can access the complete white paper and find further details on the 5G Americas website.